Offering

Offering is usually used to offer something to someone else.

Offering di bagi menjadi 2 yaitu;

1.Offering thing (Menawarkan barang)

Offering:
• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Zega?
• Should I get you a bottle f water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Richa?
• Would you care for some salad?

Offering to friends:
• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.

Less formal expressions:
• Would you like to have pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?


Declining an offer:
• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t, thank you.
• Not for me thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

Accepting an offer:
• Thank you.
• Yes, please.
• I’d like it very much.
• Thank you, I would.
• That would be very nice.



2.Offering service / help (menawarkan bantuan/ jasa)

ex :
-what can I do for you ?
-Can I help You ?
-Can I do something for you ?
-Do you want something to eat ?
-Shall I get you something to read ?

Accepting offering service/help :
-thanks very much
-thank's very kind of you
-thank you
-[oh] yes, please
-lovely

Not accepting offering servica/help :
-no, thanks
-that's very kind of you, but . . .
-thanks for offering, but . . .
-no, its all right, really
-no, really, I can manage [thanks].
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Preposition In, On, and At

Prepositions: In, on, and at (with specific times and places)
The prepositions in, on, and at can be used to indicate time and place. Notice how they are used in the following situations:
Preposition Time Place
In Year, Month,
In 1999, In Mei Country, State, City
In Australia.
On Day, Date
On Saturday, On May 13 Street
On Main Street, On 1st Ave.
At Time
At 8:00, At 7:30 Address
At 815 East Main Street

in You use ‘in’ with periods of times and places.
Ex :
Ω in May
Ω in winter
Ω in indonesia

on You use ‘on’ with specific days
Ex :
 on Friday
 on mey 13

AT--
 At 7 o’clock
 At7.00m a.m
 At night
 At school

NOTE : America English : on the weekend OR on Weekends
at You use ‘at’ with specific times and specific places

NOTE : British English : at the weekend OR at Weekends
of Its mean belonging to, relating to, or being part of something.
You use ‘of’ with noun and –ing forms Read More...

Asking for information

Asking for information:
• I’d like to know ….
• I’m interested in …
• Could you tell me ….?
• Do you know…?
• Could you find out …?
• Could I ask ….?
• Do you Happen to know …?




Guessing:
1. I’d say….
2. Could it be …
3. Perhaps it’s …
4. I think it’s…
5. It looks like ….
6. It’s difficult to say, but I’d guess …


Right or Wrong:
(^_^) Correct
___.That’s
___.Right.
___.Ok.
___.Yes.
___.Exactly.

(-_-) Wrong
___.No, I’m afraid not.
___.Not quite.
___.Tou’re close.
___.I don’t know
___.I’m not sure.


When you are surprised:
 Really!
 Are you joking?
 Oh?
 Where? Show me
 I can’t see that
 Goodness!
 What?


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Asking if someone remember or not

_____ Formal expressions:
….. ~ I wonder if you remember …
….. ~ You remember …, don’t you?
….. ~ You haven’t forgotten …, have you?
...... ~ Don’t you remember …/
….. ~ Do you happen to remember it now?

_____ Ways to respond:
….. ~ Let me think, yes, I remember.
….. ~ I remember especially the scenery.
….. ~ I’ll never forget that
….. ~ I’ll always remember.
….. ~ I can remember it clearly.


Informal expressions:
(^_^),, Remember the old house we used to live in ?
(^_^),, Remember thet ?
(^_^),, I’m sorry I don’t remember.

Ways to respond:
(-_-),, Hold on. Yes, got it!
(-_-),, I know…
(-_-),, It’s coming back to me now.



________________________________________________
RESPONSE if you FORGET
`````O-, Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
`````O-, I’m afraid I forget.
`````O-, I really can’t remember.
`````O-, I’m afraid I have no memory of him.
`````O-,Err, let me think. No, it’s gone.
`````O-, Sorry, it slipped off my mind.
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Modals in the Past form

Modals in the Past form dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah kata bantu pengandaian dalam bentuk lampau.
Modals and Modality
Modal verbs are common auxiliary verbs in Germanic languages including English that indicate modality. Modality is the grammaticalized expression of the subjective attitudes and opinions of the speaker including possibility, probability, necessity, obligation, permissibility, ability, desire, and contingency.
The Modal Verbs in English

The nine modals verbs in English are:
• can
• could
• may
• might
• must
• shall
• should
• will
• would


Position of Modal Verbs
Modal verbs always appear in the first position at the beginning of the verb phrase in English. Unlike other verbs, modal verbs do not show tense or number. The eight possible verb phrase combinations that contain modal verbs in English are:
• modal verb + base form = will eat
• modal verb + be + present participle = will be eating
• modal verb + have + past participle = will have eaten
• modal verb + be + past participle = will be eaten
• modal verb + have + been + present participle = will have been eating
• modal verb + have + been + past participle = will have been eaten
• modal + be + being + past participle = will be being eaten
• modal verb + have + been + being + past participle = will have been being eaten

Double Modals
Although most varieties of English only allow for the use of one modal verb per verb phrase, some English dialects such as Southern American English allow for multiple modals. For example, the double modal might could as in He might could build a new machine shed expresses both possibility and ability. However, prescriptive grammars proscribe against the use of double modals.
Some Definitions of English Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are difficult to define in any language because of the wide range of pragmatic uses of modal verbs by native speakers. Some of the more common definitions (in no particular order) of the modal verbs in English are:
• can – ability, permission, possibility, request
• could – ability, permission, possibility, request, suggestion
• may – permission, probability, request
• might – possibility, probability, suggestion
• must – deduction, necessity, obligation, prohibition
• shall – decision, future, offer, question, suggestion
• should – advice, necessity, prediction, recommendation
• will – decision, future, intention, offer, prediction, promise, suggestion
• would – conditional, habit, invitation, permission, preference, request, question, suggestion

Examples of Modal Verb Usage
The following sentences are examples of usage of modal verbs in English. For example, the following four sentences all ask for permission but with different degrees and types of modality:
• Can I go to the class? (asking for permission)
• May I go to the class? (more politely asking for permission)
• Could I go to the class? (asking for permission with less certainty)
• Might I go to the class? (asking for permission with uncertainty)

The following sentences also demonstrate the subtle meanings in regards to modal verbs of suggestion:
• You could listen to me. (suggestion)
• You might listen to me. (uncertain suggestion)
• You should listen to me. (strong suggestion)
• You must listen to me. (stronger suggestion)
• You will listen to me. (strongest suggestion)
The meanings of modal verbs are very pragmatic and must be learned through use.

Modals in the past are:
1. Could
*Could + Verb base
"Could" is used to express possibility or past ability as well as to make suggestions and requests. "Could" is also commonly used in conditional sentences as the conditional form of "can.")
Remember: "Could not" vs. "Might not"
"Could not" suggests that it is impossible for something to happen. "Might not" suggests you do not know if something happens.


2. Would
Would + verb base
"Would" is most commonly used to create conditional verb forms. It also serves as the past form of the modal verb "will." Additionally, "would" can indicate repetition in the past. For more information on the grammar behind the modal verb "would," visit the following tutorials: Conditional Tutorial, Future in the Past, and Would Always.

3. Should
*Should + Verb base
“Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as well as expectation.

4. Shall
"Shall" is used to indicate future action. It is most commonly used in sentences with "I" or "we," and is often found in suggestions, such as "Shall we go?" "Shall" is also frequently used in promises or voluntary actions. In formal English, the use of "shall" to describe future events often expresses inevitability or predestination. "Shall" is much more commonly heard in British English than in American English; Americans prefer to use other forms, although they do sometimes use "shall" in suggestions or formalized language.

5 Might
*Might + Verb base.
"Might" is most commonly used to express possibility. It is also often used in conditional sentences. English speakers can also use "might" to make suggestions or requests, although this is less common in American English.

6. Ought to
"Ought to" is used to advise or make recommendations. "Ought to" also expresses assumption or expectation as well as strong probability, often with the idea that something is deserved. "Ought not" (without "to") is used to advise against doing something, although Americans prefer the less formal forms "should not" or "had better not."

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Invitation (written)

Invitation is a way to invite someone or more to go to a place or to do something.
There are two types of invitation:
1. Formal Invitation
Formal invitation is usually originate from Institutes, Companies and a kind of it. Normally formal invitation is written invitation.

2. Informal Invitation
Informal invitation is personal invitation given to a friend, family, etc. Informal invitation can be written invitation and verbal invitation.
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How to write an invitation
(Step 1)
----Before you write an invitation; decide on the tone, voice and level of formality, based on the event itself. This will dictate whether you hand-write the cards or have them printed, and whether you choose A preprinted or personalized invitation.
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(Step 2)
----Choose the type of invite you want, and order or buy a few more than you think you'll need. This will permit you to add some guests to your list at the last minute, if necessary. For small parties, you may want to hand-write the invitations on stationery or blank cards. For large gatherings, consider ordering printed invitations.
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(Step 3)
----Determine the wording of your invite based on the level of formality. For example, a formal invitation might say, 'Dr. and Mrs. Stanley request the pleasure of your company,' whereas a more casual note might say, 'Please join us.'
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(Step 4)
----Include the names of the host and/or hostess, as well as the place (with street address), time, date and purpose of the occasion, even if it's a simple get-together.
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(Step 5)
----Make sure to add RSVP information at the bottom of the invite if you need to know who will be attending; for example, 'RSVP' followed by your telephone number.
R.S.V.P. stands for a French phrase, "répondez, s'il vous plaît," which means "please reply.“The person sending the invitation would like you to tell him or her whether you accept or decline the invitation. That is, will you be coming to the event or not?
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(Step 6)
----Include a respond-by date on a formal invitation so you can get an accurate head count in time to adjust the amount of food, number of place settings and room size. For a wedding, charity function or other formal event, consider including a response card and a stamped, self-addressed envelope inside the envelope containing your invite.
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(Step 7)
----Mail invitations three weeks before most events, four weeks before a formal affair and three months before a wedding, to allow for airline reservations. For events held during the December holidays, send invitations around Thanksgiving.
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Example of invitation:
1. Wedding invitation
2. Birthday invitation
3. Baby shower
4. Dinner invitation
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Offerins invitation
->Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening?
->Will you join us?
->Would you care to have dinner with us tonight?
->Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow?
->I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next week?


Accepting invitation
->Yes,I'd love very much.
->Thank you.
->Yes,with pleasure.



Reffusing
->If you don't mind,i'd rather not.
->Thank you,i'm busy,may be next time.
->I have got another appointment.
->I'm sorry.
->I've lost to work to do.

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vocabs arround the house

vocabs arround the house
Other Rooms
Attic - People store things in the attic.
Ballroom - A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
Box Room - A small room used for storage.
Cellar - Underneath the house.
Cloakroom - A small room where people put their coats.
Conservatory - A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
Dining Room- A room where people eat.
Drawing Room - A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
Games Room - A room in large houses where games are played.
Hall - The entrance passage to a house.
Larder - A small room used for the storage of food.
Library - A room where books are kept.
Lounge - Another name for living room.
Music Room - A room where people play music.
Office - A room where people work.
Pantry - A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
Parlour - Old fashioned word for living room.
Sitting Room - Another name for living room.
Spare Room/Guest Room - A room where guests sleep.
Toilet - A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
Utility Room - A room where appliances such
as washing machines are used. Read More...